Anaemia Profile

Anaemia: Understanding the Disease, Importance of Diagnosis and Follow-up

Anaemia is a common health issue characterized by insufficient levels of red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to the body’s inability to transport oxygen effectively. Anaemia can result from various causes, including nutritional deficiencies, chronic illnesses, genetic disorders, and internal or external bleeding. Understanding the diagnostic and follow-up methods for anaemia is crucial for providing appropriate treatment and preventing complications.

Anaemia can arise from multiple factors. In Hong Kong, common causes of anaemia include iron-deficiency anaemia, anemia caused by chronic illnesses, hereditary anemias (such as thalassemia), and acute anaemia resulting from internal or external bleeding.

Diagnosis of anaemia involves a comprehensive assessment of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Physicians inquire about symptoms, medical history, dietary habits, and conduct physical examinations, such as observing skin, mucous membranes, and lymph nodes. Laboratory tests include blood examinations, where indicators such as red blood cell count, hemoglobin levels, and mean corpuscular volume aid in diagnosing and classifying anaemia.

Follow-up for anaemia is crucial to identify and address underlying causes. Treatment methods depend on the cause and severity of anaemia. For instance, oral iron supplements are common for treating iron-deficiency anaemia. Chronic illness-induced anemia requires focusing on treating the underlying condition. Hereditary anaemias might necessitate special treatment approaches like blood transfusions or hematopoietic stem cell transplants.

Regular follow-up for anaemia is essential to monitor hemoglobin levels and assess the effectiveness of treatment. During follow-up, physicians may request regular blood tests to evaluate treatment progress and adjust the treatment plan. Additionally, doctors focus on the impact of anemia on a patient’s quality of life and overall health, offering corresponding support and advice.

Diagnosis and follow-up of anaemia involve various examination methods, such as blood tests, bone marrow aspiration, endoscopic examinations, etc. These methods aid in identifying the cause and severity of anaemia. Depending on the situation, doctors may choose appropriate examination methods to provide a comprehensive assessment and diagnosis.

In conclusion, anaemia is a prevalent health issue that can stem from various causes. Diagnosis and regular follow-up are pivotal for identifying the cause of anaemia, offering suitable treatment, and preventing complications. Collaborating closely with a physician and adhering to a regular examination and follow-up plan helps manage anaemia, enhance quality of life, and maintain good health.